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The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to three pioneering scientists—Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi—for their groundbreaking development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These innovative materials are a novel form of molecular architecture characterized by their incredibly porous, cage-like structures. A member of the Nobel committee vividly likened their potential to Hermione Granger’s enchanted handbag from the „Harry Potter” series: while they appear small from the outside, they possess a vast internal surface area capable of absorbing and storing surprisingly large quantities of gases and molecules. The laureates, who worked separately but built upon each other’s breakthroughs starting with Robson’s initial work in 1989, have created a new class of materials with unprecedented functions.
The practical applications of metal-organic frameworks position them as a powerful tool in addressing some of humanity’s most pressing environmental challenges. Their highly customizable porous nature allows them to be engineered for specific tasks, such as capturing carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere to mitigate climate change or extracting water vapor from dry desert air to produce drinking water. Furthermore, the Nobel Committee highlighted their significant potential in combating pollution, specifically in filtering out harmful „forever chemicals” (PFAS) from water supplies. This versatility underscores the committee’s belief that these frameworks offer „previously unforeseen opportunities” for creating custom-made materials that can contribute to a more sustainable future.
The chemistry award was the third Nobel Prize announced for the week, following the awards in Medicine and Physics. The laureates, Richard Robson (University of Melbourne), Susumu Kitagawa (Kyoto University), and Omar M. Yaghi (UC Berkeley), expressed their honor and delight at the recognition of their long-standing research. The Nobel announcements will continue with the literature, peace, and economics prizes, culminating in the official award ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.
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